Sodium amide CAS#7782-92-5
Strong Chemical Reactivity: Sodium Amide has highly active amino groups and strong basicity, making it an effective reagent for hydrolysis, amination, condensation, and other chemical reactions.
Versatile Organic Synthesis Applications: It is widely used as an aminating agent, condensation accelerator, dehydrating agent, dehalogenating agent, alkylating agent, and polymerization initiator in organic synthesis.
Important Industrial Intermediate: Sodium Amide serves as a key raw material for the production of valuable chemicals such as sodium cyanide, hydrazine, azides, cyanides, and indigo.
Broad Research and Manufacturing Utility: Due to its unique ionic structure and excellent reaction activity, Sodium Amide is widely applied in laboratory synthesis and industrial chemical processes.
Product Description of Sodium Amide CAS#7782-92-5
Sodium Amide, also known as sodium ammonia, is a white to olive-green crystalline powder with an ammonia-like odor. Its chemical formula is NaNH₂, with a molecular weight of 39.01, a melting point of 210°C, and a boiling point of 400°C. When heated to 500–600°C, it decomposes into sodium, nitrogen, and hydrogen. It reacts vigorously with water to produce sodium hydroxide and release ammonia gas. It is slightly soluble in liquid ammonia and reacts slowly with alcohol.
Sodium Amide rapidly absorbs carbon dioxide and moisture from the air, so it should be stored in sealed containers. In its liquid state, it can dissolve metals such as magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, and tungsten, as well as materials including quartz, glass, and silicates. It is an ionic compound containing the amide ion NH₂⁻, which is formed by the removal of a hydrogen atom from ammonia molecules and combination with sodium ions.
Sodium Amide is flammable, explosive, corrosive, and hygroscopic. Due to the lone electron pair on the amino group, it readily binds protons and undergoes strong hydrolysis in water, producing an alkaline solution according to the reaction: NaNH₂ + H₂O → NaOH + NH₃. It is soluble in liquid ammonia and hot ethanol. Its dust is toxic and can cause severe irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, while direct contact may result in corrosive burns.
In organic synthesis, Sodium Amide is widely used as an aminating agent, condensation accelerator, dehydrating agent, dehalogenating agent, alkylating agent, and polymerization initiator. It is also an important raw material for the production of hydrazine, sodium cyanide, azides, cyanides, and indigo.
Sodium Amide is easily oxidized when exposed to air, forming a yellow oxidation layer on the surface. Some oxidation products may be explosive and can be triggered by friction or heat. Under vacuum heating at 300–330°C, Sodium Amide decomposes into nitrogen, sodium, hydrogen, and ammonia. Therefore, it should be stored in sealed containers under an inert atmosphere and protected from contact with air, moisture, and ignition sources.
Industrially, Sodium Amide is produced by reacting molten sodium with gaseous ammonia at 300–400°C. In laboratory applications, it can be prepared by reacting sodium with liquid ammonia in the presence of a catalyst at room temperature. It can also react with carbon monoxide to produce sodium cyanide, which serves as an important chemical intermediate.
Sodium amide Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 210 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 400 °C (lit.) |
| density | 1.39 g/cm3 (25℃) |
| Fp | 85 °F |
| storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
| solubility | reacts with H2O |
| form | crystalline |
| color | Greyish white powder |
| Odor | Ammonia like |
| Water Solubility | REACTS VERY VIOLENTLY, EVEN EXPLOSIVELY |
| Sensitive | Air & Moisture Sensitive |
| Merck | 148576 |
| Stability: | Stability Flammable. Reacts violently with water producing very toxic fumes. In case of fire do not use water, but instead smother with soda ash. May form explosive peroxides if heated, or if stored for extended periods in contact with air or oxygen. Incompatible with water and aqueous solutions, carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbo |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 7782-92-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Sodium amide (Na(NH2)) (7782-92-5) |
| Hazard Codes | F,C,Xi,N |
| Risk Statements | 14/15-19-34-20/21-10-67-65-63-48/20-11-36/37-15/29-14-50-29 |
| Safety Statements | 26-43-45-62-7/8-43D-36/37/39-27-16-61 |
| RIDADR | UN 3129 4.3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| F | 37917 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 450 °C |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2853 90 90 |
| HazardClass | 4.3 |
| PackingGroup | II |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 7782-92-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Product Application of Sodium Amide CAS#7782-92-5
It functions as a condensation accelerator in organic chemical reactions and serves as an important raw material for the synthesis of vitamin A. It is also widely used as a dehydrating agent, dehalogenating agent, alkylating agent, and aminating agent.
In liquid ammonia, it can dissociate NH₄⁺ ions and act as an initiator for the anionic polymerization of polyvinyl chloride. Additionally, it is applied in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing for the production of azide compounds, cyanides, indigo, hydrazine, and other chemical intermediates.
